sprintf

Arguments:

String format, String source.

Result:

String.

Usage:

Forms a source in accordance with the provided format.

Format Specifier

The format parameter can contain format specifiers that begin with %. These specifiers are replaced by the values of respective variables that follow the format string.

A format specifier has the following parts:

A leading % sign
flags - one or more flags that modifies the conversion behavior (optional)
- - : Left justify the result within the field. By default it is right justified.
- + : The sign of the result is attached to the beginning of the value, even for positive results.
- space: If there is no sign, a space is attached to the beginning of the result.
- # : An alternative form of the conversion is performed.
- 0 : It is used for integer and floating point numbers. Leading zeros are used to pad the numbers instead of space.
width - an optional * or integer value used to specify minimum width field.
precision - an optional field consisting of a . followed by * or integer or nothing to specify the precision.
length - an optional length modifier that specifies the size of the argument.
specifier - a conversion format specifier.

The general prototype of format specifier for sprintf() is:

%[flags][width][.precision][length]specifier

Commonly Used Format Specifiers

The table below lists some commonly used format specifiers:

Format Specifier	Description
`%`	a `%` followed by another `%` character prints `%` to the screen
`c`	writes a single character
`s`	writes a character string
`d` or `i`	converts a signed integer to decimal representation
`o`	converts an unsigned integer to octal representation
`X` or `x`	converts an unsigned integer to hexadecimal representation
`u`	converts an unsigned integer to decimal representation
`F` or `f`	converts floating-point number to the decimal representation
`E` or `e`	converts floating-point number to the decimal exponent notation
`A` or `a`	converts floating-point number to the hexadecimal exponent
`G` or `g`	converts floating-point number to either decimal or decimal exponent notation
`n`	- returns the number of characters written so far - the result is written to the value pointed to by the argument - the argument must be a pointer to `signed int`
`p`	writes an implementation-defined character sequence defining a pointer